StarkNet Alpha : extensions Ethereum

The ZK StarkNet Alpha stack extension solution has been launched on the Ethereum mainnet.This will help reduce the current high cost of Ethereum..

Although many current solutions have been adopted in practice, Zero-Knowledge Rollup (ZK-Rollup) technology has always been considered the best fit for the solution.

Ethereum Scalability Teeb meem

high oilThis has become a major problem for Ethereum as the exchange rates are paid in ETH. ETH has grown 460% this year as the cost of using the network increases as real estate assets increase. This means that the US dollar exchange rate also rose 460%.

Moreover, the exchange rates also vary depending on the connectivity of the network congestion. Now, on-chain application plans have a high demand for blockchain in Ethereum, but since the block space is small, the network can easily become congested, causing delays. . market acceptance and fuel prices.

The high cost of using the network has made it difficult for users to participate in DeFi (decentralized finance) and NFT, and when they even lose the ability to participate in DAOs, many people prefer cryptocurrency. other top tier blockchains like Solana (SOL). migrated. ) and avalanche (AVAX).

Average Ethereum exchange gas price (Source: Glassnode)

Several solutions have been developed over the past few years to help reduce Ethereum network congestion and operational issues.

Released in 2019, Polygon is the first Ethereum scaling solution to receive major attention, with a network using a solution called Plasma.

Several native Ethereum DeFi applications such as Curve (CRV) and Aave (AAVE) have been developed on Polygon, taking the Ethereum blockchain industry from basic to unique integration.

Polygon networks have been successful in attracting users through low operating costs, but often challenged.Security and centralization issues, is not considered a true solution.

The network uses its own node verifier to control the PoS approval mechanism. In other words, we do not endorse commercial use of the Ethereum mainnet.

According to data from Polygonscan at the time of writing, only 100 users manage the Polygon network, and the largest validating node manages over 27% of all validating blocks in the network.

Part of the top 25 research blocks in the Polygon network (Source: Polygonscan)

Roll-up scaling solution

Recently in the Ethereum community there was an ongoing discussion about the solution.One way to “aggregate” data counts and send proof of use is to go back to the Ethereum mainnet.

This saves space, further reduces the cost of data sent to the mainnet and, as the industry is tied, Gasfee can be shared by multiple users.

Rollup provides users with fast transaction speed that can reduce costs by 50-200x while maintaining security and deployment on the Ethereum mainnet.

There are currently two types of solutions:

Optimistic cumulation and known zero cumulation (ZK-cumulation).

What is an optimistic cumulation?

The best way to stack is assuming the trade returned to the mainchain is legitimate, and only rejecting the trade if the guarantor can prove the trade is cheated by sending evidence of deception.

In other words, a bullish rollup would take a "pause until proven guilty" to secure trading.

Bullish rollup is already seeing real adoption, in part because it makes it easier for developers to build apps over the network.

An optimistic balance sheetDirect support for all smart contract work, developers can write applications using Solidity, the Ethereum programming language.

According to data from L2beat, Arbitrum, now the largest Optimistic Rollup network, has attracted over $2.5 billion in Total Cost Lock (TVL) in Ethereum's DeFi app and many popular DeFi apps.

However, as the bullish rollup validates trades, it encounters some issues. A week-long dispute will require the return of funds to the Ethereum mainnet. This makes it harder for users and destroys configurability.

The best hope is to improve plasma levels.

Similar to Polygon, but generally considered inferior to ZK-Rollups. Optimistic Rollups offers a scalability boost of up to 77x, while ZK-Rollups offers a boost of up to 500x with no runtime.

What is ZK Rollup?

The ZK-Rollup method proves the transaction was legitimate by creating encrypted credentials when the transactions were stored on a critical network. The market is accepted by Ethereum only after the credentials are encrypted. Unlike bullish rollup, ZK-Rollup. Accept the lawsuit "infringement until proven guilty".

However, ZK-Rollup has not yet reached the same level of relationship as expected because ZK-Rollup treats all exchanges with proof of usability.

So it is more difficult to develop the technology.Now ZK-Rollup development can be done in some simple ways such as direct exchange and marketing, it can be done in combination with smart contracts, but it is more difficult than expected. roll up

This year alone, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin predicted:Complete installation of ZK-RollupIt will take many years.

However, developers plan ahead and many ZK-Rollups projects plan to implement solutions and interactions, and more competition may be involved.

The development of ZK-Rollups will enable the integration of integrated communications between the Ethereum mainnet and multilayer 2 networks that will enable market share and overcome some of the biggest challenges that have been faced by layer 1 blockchains.

ZK-Rollup-based networks don't necessarily have to compete for income from an easy exchange, but can partner with Ethereum.

ZK-Rollup has another special feature.The more people you trade, the lower the exchange rate., the exchange rate does not change significantly.

As more and more exchanges, more and more users can share the value of the exchange, and ZK-Rollups can package almost unlimited products.

So when you have enough users, you can use a special feature called "void proof of validation" which can reduce fuel costs in the market to pennies.

While Ethereum is still having scalability issues, some developers are already using a second-tier ZK-Rollup network that promises full configuration and integration of smart contracts, among other things. The second solution and the compatibility of Ethereum virtual machines.

ZK yob-up hom

There are currently two types of ZK-Rollup used to measure Ethereum solutions. The first is the full name of the most commonly used ZK-SNARK brand, the non-interactive short knowledge and the first type of unknown. search for evidence.

The Zcash (ZEC) privacy-focused blockchain project was acquired by ZK-SNARK in 2016, and the technology has developed the storage and rights of most ZK-Rollup developers and is considered one of the parties of the Ethereum expansion project.

However, SNARK has its drawbacks. You need the key for the first event created. These keys are used to create the credentials needed for the change and can be used for the next generation if the trust configuration key is not destroyed. Unnecessary tokens or fake purchases.

The SNARK scaling solution that is currently attractive is that of Matter LabzkSync, the project started in June 2020.

In order to achieve 2,000 transactions per second in its current repeatability and achieve higher profits in the future, the platform launched zkEVM testnet by starting to deliver smart contracts in an EVM-plus environment.

zkSync is now focused on transitioning to the Ethereum mainnet as smoothly as possible, and those who want to build on zkEVM can write smart contracts using Solidity, the Ethereum language.

Matter Labs recently raised $50 million in a Series B round led by a16z to help improve zkSync, and has partnered with several Ethereum DeFi apps such as Curve, Aave, and 1inch.

Another ZK-Rollup concept is STARK, the full name of the scalable transparent knowledge argument. STARK has better SNARK.

STARK is theoretically more secure than SNARK because STARK relies on all hash functions and does not require reliable configurations.

StarkWare was the first company to use STARK to measure Ethereum and is now a major player in the development of STARK-based technology.

The company's two co-founders, EliBen-Sasson and Michael Riabzev, co-invented the technology.

StarkWare developed Turing, a complete programming language for STARK-based ZK-Rollups called Cairo, and "StarkEx Protocol" was the first product developed in the Cairo language.

StarkEx is a single scaling solution application currently used by many Ethereum applications including dYdX, ImmutableX, Sorare, and DeversiFi.

StarkWare StarkNet is an unauthorized ZK-Rollup network that allows developers to build and run applications directly at the second tier.

StarkNet's mission is to comeTo make the classification real, several application solutions.

StarkNet development diagram (Source: StarkWare)

ZK-Rollup aims to transform the way the cryptocurrency community uses Ethereum by using low-cost, high-throughput platforms such as zkSync and StarkNet.

Many changes to the Ethereum mainnet will be rolled out at the second tier, bringing Ethereum closer to its vision of a more robust, secure, and distributed blockchain network.