StarkWare: Why does Ethereum need a Layer 3 solution?

Why L3?

Due to the high cost of the Ethereum market, it has become the payment layer of L2. We believe that in the future, due to lower operating costs, continued support for DeFi devices, and additional capacity through L2, end users will be doing most of their work on L2.

L2 improves scalability by reducing fuel costs at all stages of production and increasing business speed. At the same time, L2 retains the advantages of decentralization, multiple reasons and integration. However, some apps require some tweaking and benefit more from the new independent process. name l3!

Just as L2 refers to L1, L3 affects L2. As long as L2 can support smart contracts, L3 can be used using evidence. Although the L2 proof of use can be sent to the L1 in StarkNet, this would be a very good recursive pattern multiplied by the compression output of the L2 proof multiplied by the compression output of the L3 pov. In other words, if the value of each level is reduced by 1000, the value of L3 can be reduced by 1,000,000 times from L1 while maintaining the security of L1.

Consider, business should have a small portion of the oil!

The main advantages of L3 are:

First, it uses a wide range of recursive proofs to achieve hyperscalability.

Second, the design of the application in the technological process has better control.

greater determination of function and cost;

b: custom data models (for example, special application based on Validium or chain data compression);

C: Faster development of features and technology (such as the introduction of new features that are not yet ready for full availability).

Third, personal information such as identifying information not used for private business in the public L2.

Fourth, cheaper and easier L2-L3 interoperability. Currently, the chain links used between L1 and L2 are very expensive. In contrast, the cost effectiveness of L2 makes this process very attractive and easy to use when used for L3. While the latency of mobile assets of L2 and L3 may be higher than the latency of applications using the same L2, the cost and equipment are comparable.

Second, cheaper and easier L3-L3 interference. Independent L3 interoperates from L2 to L1. L2 is obviously cheaper than L1. Without L3, they all follow L2, so it must be correlated by dear L1.

6. L2-based "Kusama" network of L2: New updates can be tested on L2 or L3 before public release (similar to Kusama's role in Polkadot).

L3 and fractal layer

Many L3s were built on top of L2. Additionally, for fractal procedures, you can create additional layers (such as L4) on top of L3.

Figure 1: Hierarchical ecosystem

Figure 1 shows an example of such an ecosystem. L3 includes:

For example, StarkNet with Validium data is often used for sensitive data.

For example, a special application in the StarkNet system improves application performance by using archived procedures or data compression.

StarkEx systems (such as those that provide dYdX, Sorare, Immutable and DeversiFi) provide available Validium or Rollup data, giving StarkNet proven scalability out of the box.

The StarkNet Privacy Instance (which also includes L4 in this example) allows private companies without the StarkNet public privacy.

Building blocks of L3 solutions

Figure 2 shows the classic L2 architecture with the following elements:

Smart contracts that follow L1 to L2 state bases (like Ethereum's StarkNet smart contracts).

For L2 as proof of validation, a smart validator contract is used to validate state changes.

The bridges in the L1 contract control the deposits and withdrawals of tokens in and out of L2.

The L2 token contract acts as a joint venture for the L1 token contracts (eg ERC20, ERC721).

Figure 2: L2 building block

Figure 3 shows the relationship between L3 and the bases L2 and L1. L3 can operate safely on L2 using status tracking and using smart contracts on L2.

Figure 3: Building block of L3

concludes

L3 promises greater capacity and better management of advanced technology to meet different needs and privacy when managing the security guarantees provided by Ethereum (L1). The concept of recursion that it uses can be extended with additional fractal layer resolution procedures.

StarkEx is currently running on L2 and will be redirected to L3. Also, an example of StarkNet is given as L3.